Time:2025-11-26 Browse: 8
With the continuous development of manufacturing technology, various new materials have been developed and widely applied. Many of these new materials fall into the category of difficult-to-machine materials, such as zinc alloy die castings and composite materials. On one hand, they have greatly improved product performance; on the other hand, they have brought significant challenges to machining and manufacturing. In view of the characteristics of various difficult-to-machine materials, it is of great significance to adopt corresponding measures to complete tasks efficiently, cost-effectively, and with guaranteed quality and quantity, so as to meet machining requirements and comply with the needs of modern technological and industrial development. ## Factors Affecting the Machinability of Materials 1. **Strength and Hardness** The higher the strength or hardness of zinc alloy die casting materials, the greater the cutting force and the higher the cutting temperature, which will accelerate tool wear. In addition, when machining hard materials, the tool-chip contact length is short, and both cutting force and cutting heat are concentrated near the cutting edge. This can easily cause the cutting edge to peel off or even chip—an issue that is particularly prominent for brittle tool materials such as cemented carbide and ceramics. Therefore, the machinability of such materials is relatively poor. 2. **Plasticity and Toughness** The higher the plasticity and toughness of zinc alloy die casting materials, the greater the chip deformation and the more cutting heat generated. Chips are also prone to adhering to the tool, thereby accelerating tool wear. However, if the plasticity and toughness of the workpiece material are too low, the tool-chip contact length becomes extremely short, which also leads to severe tool wear. Consequently, workpiece materials with either excessively high or excessively low plasticity and toughness exhibit poor machinability. 3. **Heat Resistance** The better the heat resistance of zinc alloy die casting materials, the higher the strength and hardness they can maintain at high temperatures, making machining much more difficult. 4. **Abrasive Wear Capacity on Tools** The stronger the abrasive wear capacity of zinc alloy die casting materials, the greater the tool wear, resulting in poorer machinability. 5. **Thermal Conductivity** The lower the thermal conductivity of zinc alloy die casting materials, the more difficult it is for cutting heat to dissipate. This leads to high cutting temperatures and severe tool wear, ultimately resulting in inferior machinability.
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